Polyamide or Nylon is considered as first Engineering thermoplastic. The word "Nylon" comes from the original trade name of DuPont s polyamide. DuPont was the first commercial manufacturer of polyamide resin which started its manufacturing in 1939. The use of polyamide was made for manufacturing of nylon-bristled tooth brush followed by manufacturing of women stockings which was first seen in 1939 at the New York World s Fair.
Polyamide possesses high mechanical performance, heat & fatigue resistance, high impact resistance and good resistance to many solvents. PA6 & 66 constitutes of about 95% of world polyamide demand. Other 5% include Specialty Polyamides such as Polyamide 11, Polyamide 12, Polyamide 4/6, Polyamide 6/10 and Aromatic Polyamide. Polyamide Engineering plastics in comparison to other standard commodity plastics have significantly better mechanical properties including high heat resistance, dimensional stability, strength and resistance to a wide range of chemicals. In comparison to Polyamide 6 and 6,6, specialty polyamides like Polyamide 11 and 12, offer better resistance and enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.
Major applications of Specialty Polyamides include automotive, electrical & electronics, consumer goods, flexible packaging and industrial. With automotive makers constantly optimizing their engine performance, reducing the automotive weight helps them achieve more efficiency and lower carbon footprints. The growing need for energy efficient automotives and their compliance to government regulations along with the rapid global increase in vehicle production is providing excellent opportunities for polyamides, especially in under the hood applications.
Specialty Polyamides can be injection moulded, extruded and blow moulded. Injection moulding is the most widely used polymeric fabrication process. Identical parts are produced through a cyclic process. Injection moulding grades come in various melt viscosities and can be processed rapidly and easily into moulded parts. Unfilled polyamide is compounded with glass or fibre to increase its mechanical properties. Compounding helps the resins to replace the metals in automotives, electrical & electronics and consumer appliances. Polyamide resins are delivering better performance and cost competitiveness to the products along with light weight components helping the automotive industry in achieving better fuel economy as compared to metals.
Growing purchasing power in the developing economies is seen as a key driver of demand for Polyamides including Polyamide 11 and 12. The economy in Asia-Pacific has been thriving on account of the advancements witnessed in the electrical & electronics, automotives, Industrial, consumer electronics, medical and others end-uses. The Asia-Pacific region alone account for more than 70% of the global electrical & electronics production. Countries like China, India, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore have a significant manufacturing base for electronics. Electronics accounts for a decent share in their economy as well. Further with rising growth opportunities, companies from North America and Europe are investing in this region by bringing up new manufacturing facilities or through joint ventures. The manufacturing, product development and research & development activities in the electrical & electronics industry have shifted to Asian countries as this region has witnessed a growth on account of increasing disposable income and increase in standard of living. The region is also preferred for availability of skilled labour and low cost of manufacturing.
The electronics sector accounts for a significant share of exports of most countries in Asia-Pacific. Large quantities of the world s consumer electronics come from the ASEAN region. High growth in the manufacture of automotive, electrical & electronics, aerospace and other industrial applications that require Polyamide 11 and 12 are expected to drive the Specialty Polyamides demand growth in the long-term forecast at a CAGR of around 5% till 2030.
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